![]() At CMU, the BSD kernel was used as the foundation for prototyping a few new ideas: threads, an API to control the virtual memory system (through pluggable "pagers" - user level mmap), a kernel-level remote procedure call system and most importantly the idea of moving some kernel level operations to user space. Meanwhile, research continued and some folks adopted the work from BSD as a foundation. AT&T went on their own way and built System V at the same time. This Unix was improved extensively at Berkeley and became the foundation for the BSD variations of Unix and incorporated several new innovations like the "Fast File System" (UFS), introduced symlinks and the sockets API. It all starts with AT&T distributing their operating system to some universities for free. The origin of the kernel is a bit more complicated. ![]() I was very interested in this in the late 90's as Mach had been pitched around the world as a faster way of building a Unix system. The history of MacOS is a little bit more convoluted.
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